diff --git a/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io.py b/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io.py
index 6acef205..cb9d395a 100644
--- a/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io.py
+++ b/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io.py
@@ -514,7 +514,13 @@ def get_data_into(
         if restricted_to in ('mujoco', 'mjx'):
           continue  # don't copy fields that are mujoco-only or MJX-only
         else:
-          getattr(result_i, field.name)[:] = value
+          result_field = getattr(result_i, field.name)
+          if result_field.shape != value.shape:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f'Input field {field.name} has shape {value.shape}, but output'
+                f' has shape {result_field.shape}'
+            )
+          result_field[:] = value
       else:
         setattr(result_i, field.name, value)
 
diff --git a/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io_test.py b/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io_test.py
index 01977792..494b2753 100644
--- a/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io_test.py
+++ b/mjx/mujoco/mjx/_src/io_test.py
@@ -482,6 +482,18 @@ class DataIOTest(parameterized.TestCase):
     self.assertEqual(d_2.contact.frame.shape, (1, 9))
     np.testing.assert_allclose(d_2.contact.frame, d.contact.frame)
 
+  def test_get_data_into_wrong_shape(self):
+    """Tests that get_data_into throwsif input and output shapes don't match."""
+
+    m = mujoco.MjModel.from_xml_string(_MULTIPLE_CONSTRAINTS)
+    d = mujoco.MjData(m)
+    mujoco.mj_step(m, d, 2)
+    dx = mjx.put_data(m, d)
+    m_2 = mujoco.MjModel.from_xml_string(_MULTIPLE_CONVEX_OBJECTS)
+    d_2 = mujoco.MjData(m_2)
+    with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, r'Input field.*has shape.*'):
+      mjx.get_data_into(d_2, m, dx)
+
   def test_make_matches_put(self):
     """Test that make_data produces a pytree that matches put_data."""