Version 2.1.5: Fix GLAD loading on Linux, experimental multi-CCD.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 441482552 Change-Id: I16b7ba81cd81ca2293a9a12bfa08a40ab24c70bb
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@@ -354,15 +354,15 @@ purpose of including an asset is to reference it, and referencing can only be do
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undefined.
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Mesh
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MuJoCo can load triangulated meshes from binary STL files. Software such as `MeshLab <https://www.meshlab.net/>`__
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can be used to convert from other formats. While any collection of triangles can be loaded and visualized as a mesh,
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the collision detector works with the convex hull. There are compile-time options for scaling the mesh, as well as
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fitting a primitive geometric shape to it. The mesh can also be used to automatically infer inertial properties - by
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treating it as a union of triangular pyramids and combining their masses and inertias. Note that the STL format does
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not support color; some software packages write color information in unused fields but this is not consistent.
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Instead the mesh is colored using the material properties of the referencing geom. In contrast, all spatial
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properties are determined by the mesh data. MuJoCo supports a custom binary file format that can additionally specify
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normals and texture coordinates. Meshes can also be embedded directly in the XML.
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MuJoCo can load triangulated meshes from OBJ files and binary STL. Software such as `MeshLab
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<https://www.meshlab.net/>`__ can be used to convert from other formats. While any collection of triangles can be
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loaded and visualized as a mesh, the collision detector works with the convex hull. There are compile-time options
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for scaling the mesh, as well as fitting a primitive geometric shape to it. The mesh can also be used to
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automatically infer inertial properties -- by treating it as a union of triangular pyramids and combining their
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masses and inertias. Note that meshes have no color, instead the mesh is colored using the material properties of the
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referencing geom. In contrast, all spatial properties are determined by the mesh data. MuJoCo supports both OBJ and a
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custom binary file format for normals and texture coordinates. Meshes can also be embedded directly in the XML.
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Skin
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Skinned meshes (or skins) are meshes whose shape can deform at runtime. Their vertices are attached to rigid bodies
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@@ -593,6 +593,23 @@ section is to preemptively clarify the aspects that are most likely to be confus
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and a tutorial on selected topics. We will need to refer to material covered later in the documentation, but
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nevertheless the text below is as self-contained and introductory as possible.
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.. _Divergence:
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Divergence
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~~~~~~~~~~
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Divergence of a simulation happens when elements of the state tend quickly to infinity. In MuJoCo this is usually
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manifested as an :ref:`mjWARN_BADQACC<mjtwarning>` warning. Divergence is endemic to all physics simulation and is not
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necessarily indicative of a bad model or bug in the simulator, but is rather a hint that the timestep is too large for
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the given choice of integrator. In physics simulation there is always a tension between speed (large time steps) and
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stabillity (small timesteps). A model which is well-tuned for speed has the largest possible timestep that does not
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diverge, which usually means that it *can* be made to diverge under extreme conditions. In that sense *rare* cases of
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divergence can actually be indicative of a well-tuned model. In all cases it should be possible to prevent divergence by
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reducing the timestep and/or switching to a more stable :ref:`integrator <geIntegration>`. If that fails, the culprit is
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different. For example in models where bodies are initialized in penetration, large repulsive forces could push them
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away and cause divergence.
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.. _Units:
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Units are undefined
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