Update overview.rst
PiperOrigin-RevId: 574510917 Change-Id: I7aef5bdf0c2d9d135322502fd2470d47595e1eb1
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@@ -585,16 +585,21 @@ Equality constraints can impose additional constraints beyond those already impo
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and the joints/DOFs defined in it. They can be used to create loop joints, or in general model mechanical coupling.
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and the joints/DOFs defined in it. They can be used to create loop joints, or in general model mechanical coupling.
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The internal forces that enforce these constraints are computed together with all other constraint forces. The
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The internal forces that enforce these constraints are computed together with all other constraint forces. The
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available equality constraint types are: connect two bodies at a point (creating a ball joint outside the kinematic
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available equality constraint types are: connect two bodies at a point (creating a ball joint outside the kinematic
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tree); weld two bodies together; make two surfaces slide on each other; fix the position of a joint or tendon; couple
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tree); weld two bodies together; fix the position of a joint or tendon; couple the positions of two joints or two
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the positions of two joints or two tendons via a cubic polynomial.
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tendons via a cubic polynomial; constrain the edges of a flex (i.e. deformable mesh) to their initial lengths.
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Deformable
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^^^^^^^^^^
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These are collections of massless stretchable geometric elements (capsules, triangles or tetrahedra) connecting vertices
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Flex
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that are defined within different moving body frames. These stretchable elements support collisions and contact forces,
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^^^^
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which are then distributed to all the interconnected bodies. Flexes also generate passive and constraint forces as
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needed to simulate deformable entities with the desired material properties.
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Flexes were added in MuJoCo 3.0. They represent deformable meshes that can be 1, 2 or 3 dimensional (thus their elements
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are capsules, triangles or tetrahedra). Unlike geoms which are static shapes attached rigidly to a single body, the
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elements of a flex are deformable: they are constructed by connecting multiple bodies, thus the body positions and
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orientations determine the shape of the flex elements at runtime. These deformable elements suport collisions and
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contact forces, as well as generate passive and constraint forces which softly preserve the shape of the deformable
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entity. Automation is provided to load a mesh from a file, construct bodies corresponding to the mesh vertices,
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construct flex elements corresponding to the mesh faces (or lines or tetrahedra, depending on dimensionality), and
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obtain a corresponding deformable mesh.
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Contact pair
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Contact pair
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^^^^^^^^^^^^
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^^^^^^^^^^^^
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@@ -604,7 +609,9 @@ sources: automated proximity tests and other filters collectively called "dynami
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geom pairs provided in the model. The latter is a separate type of model element. Because a contact involves a
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geom pairs provided in the model. The latter is a separate type of model element. Because a contact involves a
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combination of two geoms, the explicit specification allows the user to define contact parameters in ways that cannot
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combination of two geoms, the explicit specification allows the user to define contact parameters in ways that cannot
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be done with the dynamic mechanism. It is also useful for fine-tuning the contact model, in particular adding contact
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be done with the dynamic mechanism. It is also useful for fine-tuning the contact model, in particular adding contact
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pairs that were removed by an aggressive filtering scheme.
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pairs that were removed by an aggressive filtering scheme. The contact machinery is now extended to flex elements,
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which can create contact interactions between more than two bodies. However such collisions are automated and cannot
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be finetuned using contact pairs.
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Contact exclude
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Contact exclude
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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